galactose |
<biochemistry> Hexose identical to glucose except that orientation of H and OH on carbon 4 are exchanged. A component of cerebrosides and gangliosides, glycoproteins. Lactose, the disaccharide of milk, consists of galactose joined to glucose by a _(1-4) glycosidic link. (18 Nov 1997) |
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galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase |
<enzyme> Catalyses transfer of sulfate from adenosine 3'-phosphosulfate to methyl galactosides or terminal n-acetyllactosamine-containing carbohydrate chains Registry number: EC 2.8.2.- (26 Jun 1999) |
galactose binding protein |
<protein> A bacterial periplasmic protein, most studied in E. Coli, that acts both as a sensory element in the detection of galactose as a chemotactic signal and in the uptake of the sugar. (18 Nov 1997) |
galactose cataract |
A neonatal cataract associated with intralenticular accumulation of galactose alcohol. See: galactosaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
galactose dehydrogenases |
<enzyme> D-galactose:NAD(p)+ 1-oxidoreductases. Catalyses the oxidation of d-galactose in the presence of NAD+ or NADP+ to d-galactono-gamma-lactone and NADH or NADPH. Registry number: EC 1.1.1. (12 Dec 1998) |
galactose diabetes |
<biochemistry> A rare genetic (autosomal recessive) disorder characterised by the inability a defect in the enzyme (galactose 1 phosphate uridyl transferase) that converts galactose 1 phosphate into glucose 1 phosphate is absent. Excess galactose 1 phosphate accumulates in the blood and a variety of problems result. Inheritance: autosomal recessive. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
galactose oxidase |
<enzyme> An enzyme that oxidises galactose in the presence of molecular oxygen to d-galacto-hexodialdose. It is a copper protein. Chemical name: D-Galactose:oxygen 6-oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.1.3.9 (12 Dec 1998) |
galactose permease |
<chemical> (26 Jun 1999) |
galactose tolerance test |
A liver function test, based on the ability of the liver to convert galactose to glycogen, measured by the rate of excretion of galactose following ingestion or intravenous injection of a known amount; normally, less than 3 g appear in the urine within 5 hours after the ingestion of 40 g. (05 Mar 2000) |
galactose-1-phosphatase |
<enzyme> From rat brain; requires mg for activity; phosphate is potent inhibitor Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- (26 Jun 1999) |
galactose-1-phosphate |
A phosphorylated derivative of galactose that is key in galactose metabolism; accumulates in certain types of galactosaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase |
<enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the reaction of UTP and alpha-d-galactose 1-phosphate to form UDPgalactose and pyrophosphate, the second and most important step in the metabolism of d-galactose; a deficiency of this enzyme results in an accumulation of galactose, galactose-1-phosphate, and galactitol. (05 Mar 2000) |
galactose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
<enzyme> Possibly a ketoaldose, phosphorylated at primary alcoholic group; found in goat liver cytoplasm, requires nad, has high substrate specificity Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- Synonym: hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
galactose-6-phosphate isomerase |
<enzyme> Converts galactose 6-phosphate to tagatose 6-phosphate Registry number: EC 5.3.1.- Synonym: galactose 6-phosphate isomerase, gal-6-p isomerase, tagatose-6-phosphate isomerase (26 Jun 1999) |
galactose-6-sulfatase |
<enzyme> An enzyme that eliminates sulfur from the galactose-6-sulfate residues of certain mucopolysaccharides, producing 3,6-anhydrogalactose residues; it is absent in Morquio's syndrome type A. Synonym: galactose-6-sulfurase. (05 Mar 2000) |
UDPgalactosamine-galactose acetylgalactosaminyltransferase |
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UDP-galactose 4-O-beta-D-galactosyl-D-xylose galactosyltransferase |
UDP-galactose hydrolase |
UDP-galactose-lactosylceramide alpha 1-4-galactosyltransferase |
UDP-galactose-lactosylceramide beta 1-3-galactosyltransferase |
UDP-galactose xylose galactosyltransferase |
UDP-GalNAc-beta-galactose beta 1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase |
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-galactose(1-6)-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase |
uridine diphosphate galactose |
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose |
fucosyl galactose alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase |