lipoproteins |
Any of the lipid-protein complexes in which lipids are transported in the blood. Lipoprotein particles consist of a spherical hydrophobic core of triglycerides or cholesteryl esters surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
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lipoproteins, hdl |
A class of lipoproteins frequently divided into hdl2 and hdl3 and the minor variant hdl1. Hdl promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile. Synthesised by the liver as discoid "nascent hdl" particles lacking a lipid core, they accumulate a core of cholesterol esters during reverse cholesterol transport and transfer them to the liver directly or indirectly via other lipoproteins. Hdl also shuttle apolipoproteins c-II and e to and from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during catabolism of the lipoproteins. Serum hdl cholesterol has been negatively correlated with premature coronary heart disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
lipoproteins, hdl cholesterol |
Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high density lipoproteins (hdl). High density lipoproteins transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver thereby acting as a scavenger to prevent excess accumulation and deposition of cholesterol in blood vessels. (12 Dec 1998) |
lipoproteins, ldl |
A class of lipoproteins responsible for transport of cholesterol to extrahepatic tissues. They are formed in the circulation when very-low-density lipoproteins are degraded first to intermediate-density lipoproteins and then to ldl by the gain and loss of specific apolipoproteins and the loss of most of their triglycerides. Ldl are taken up and catabolised by both the liver and extrahepatic tissues by specific receptor-mediated endocytosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
lipoproteins, ldl cholesterol |
Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to low density lipoproteins (ldl). Ldl transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues and regulate de novo cholesterol synthesis at these sites. Atherosclerosis is caused by the deposit of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels, because of high concentrations of ldl cholesterol in plasma. (12 Dec 1998) |
lipoproteins, vldl |
A class of lipoproteins that transport triglycerides from the intestine and liver to adipose and muscle tissues. Synthesised by the liver, they contain primarily triglycerides in their lipid cores, with some cholesterol esters. As their triglycerides are cleaved by endothelial lipoprotein lipase and transferred to hepatic tissues, the vldl (very-low-density lipoprotein) particles lose most of their apolipoprotein c and become intermediate-density lipoproteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
lipoproteins, vldl cholesterol |
Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to very low density lipoproteins (vldl). High concentrations of vldl cholesterol are found in type IIb and type v hyperlipoproteinaemia. The end product of vldl cholesterol catabolism is ldl (low density lipoproteins). (12 Dec 1998) |
liposarcoma |
A malignant tumour derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (liposarcoma, myxoid), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs or serosal surfaces. (12 Dec 1998) |
liposarcoma, myxoid |
A liposarcoma containing myxomatous tissue. (12 Dec 1998) |
liposis |
Synonym: adiposis. 2. Fatty infiltration, neutral fats being present in the cells. See: lipolipoidosis. Origin: Lipo-+ G. -osis, condition (05 Mar 2000) |
lipositol |
A member of the vitamin B complex necessary for growth of yeast and of mice, absence from the diet causes hair loss and dermatitis in mice. (27 Sep 1997) |
liposoluble |
Fat-soluble. (05 Mar 2000) |
liposome |
<biochemistry> A spherical particle in an aqueous medium, formed by a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous compartment. Origin: Gr. Soma = body (18 Nov 1997) |
liposomes |
Synthetic, relatively uniform bilayer lipid membrane-bound vesicles formed by emulsification of cell membranes in dilute salt solutions. Liposomes are being developed as an approach for drug delivery in which relatively toxic drugs, e.g., amphotericin b, doxorubicin, and pentavalent antimony, are "wrapped" inside a liposome and tagged with an organ-specific antibody. (12 Dec 1998) |
liposuction |
<procedure, surgery> Removal of body fat from the contours of the body via a suction device. (27 Sep 1997) |