chloralism |
Habitual use of chloral compounds as an intoxicant, or the symptoms caused thereby. (05 Mar 2000) |
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chloralose |
<chemical> A derivative of chloral hydrate that was used as a sedative but has been replaced by safer and more effective drugs. Its most common use is as a general anaesthetic in animal experiments. Pharmacological action: sedatives, nonbarbiturate, anaesthetics, intravenous. Chemical name: alpha-D-Glucofuranose, 1,2-O-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-, (R)- (12 Dec 1998) |
chlorambucil |
<drug, oncology> Chlorambucil is a bifunctional alkylating agent of the nitrogen mustard type that has been found active against selected human neoplastic diseases. Side effects: Low blood counts (suppressed bone marrow function) and chance of leukaemia and infertility, convulsions. (05 Jan 1998) |
chloramine B |
Sodium N-chlorobenzenesulfonamide;a nontoxic antiseptic substance used in wound irrigation as a substitute for chloramine B T. (05 Mar 2000) |
chloramine T |
Sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide;a nontoxic but strong antiseptic used in the irrigation of wounds and infected cavities. Synonym: chlorazene. (05 Mar 2000) |
chloraminophene |
<drug, oncology> Chlorambucil is a bifunctional alkylating agent of the nitrogen mustard type that has been found active against selected human neoplastic diseases. Side effects: Low blood counts (suppressed bone marrow function) and chance of leukaemia and infertility, convulsions. (05 Jan 1998) |
chloramiphene |
<drug, gynaecology> A fertility drug that stimulates ovulation through the release of gonadotrophins from the pituitary gland. (13 Nov 1997) |
chloramphenicol |
<drug> A broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis in prokaryotes and in mitochondria and chloroplasts by acting on the 50S ribosomal subunit. It was first isolated from the fungus like bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae but is now produced synthetically. It is relatively toxic but finds wide application in medicine. (01 Dec 1998) |
chloramphenicol 3'-O-phosphotransferase |
<enzyme> Phosphorylates the 3'-oh position of chloramphenicol producing a metabolite which confers resistance to chloramphenicol when introduced into a chloramphenicol-sensitive host Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: cpt protein, cpt gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
chloramphenicol acetyltransferase |
<enzyme> A bacterial enzyme that inactivates the antibiotic chloramphenicol by acetylation. Widely used as a reporter gene for examining the control of eucaryotic gene expression. Acronym: CAT (08 Mar 2000) |
chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay |
<investigation> A lab technique used to determine whether a given fragment of DNA has a promoter on it to encourage transcription to occur, by attaching the gene (called the CAT gene) which codes for the CAT enzyme to it, and observing whether the CAT enzyme is produced. (05 Jan 1998) |
chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene |
<molecular biology> A gene which codes for the CAT enzyme (the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase), which helps transfer an acetyl group (a CH3CO- group) to chloramphenicol, an antibiotic. The CAT gene is an important part of CAT assays. (09 Oct 1997) |
chloramphenicol amidase |
<enzyme> Mouse liver microsomal enzyme which cleaves dichloro-acetyl group from chloramphenicol Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: chloramphenicol hydrolase. (26 Jun 1999) |
chloramphenicol o-acetyltransferase |
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the acetylation of chloramphenicol to yield chloramphenicol 3-acetate. Since chloramphenicol 3-acetate does not bind to bacterial ribosomes and is not an inhibitor of peptidyltransferase, the enzyme is responsible for the naturally occurring chloramphenicol resistance in bacteria. The enzyme, for which variants are known, is found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Chemical name: Acetyl-CoA-chloramphenicol 3-O-acetyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.3.1.28 (12 Dec 1998) |
chloramphenicol palmitate |
<chemical> Same action and use as chloramphenicol. (05 Mar 2000) |